Granite

Description

Coarse-grained felsic rock with quartz, feldspar, and mica

Key Characteristics

• Texture: Coarse-grained (phaneritic)
• Color: Light colored (felsic) - typically pink, gray, or white
• Primary Minerals: Quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, biotite/muscovite mica
• Formation: Slow cooling of magma deep underground

Formation Process

Granite forms from the slow cooling and crystallization of felsic magma deep within the Earth's crust. The slow cooling process allows large crystals to develop, giving granite its characteristic coarse-grained texture. It is one of the most common intrusive igneous rocks in continental crust.

Identification Tips

• Look for large, visible crystals of different minerals
• Check for the presence of quartz (glassy, often clear or gray)
• Identify feldspar crystals (often pink or white, blocky shape)
• Spot mica flakes (dark biotite or light muscovite)

Uses

Granite is widely used in construction for countertops, monuments, building facades, and decorative stone. Its durability and attractive appearance make it a popular choice for both interior and exterior applications.